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Milligram

The milligram (mg) is a unit of mass in the metric system, equal to one-thousandth of a gram (0.001 g) or one-millionth of a kilogram (0.000001 kg). Since the gram and kilogram are defined using the Planck constant (h) in the International System of Units (SI), the milligram is indirectly tied to this same constant, ensuring precision and consistency.

Origin:

The milligram originated as a derived unit of mass within the metric system, introduced during the French Revolution in the late 18th century. As part of the decimal-based metric system, it was designed to provide a smaller and more convenient unit for measuring very light objects, especially in scientific and medical contexts. It is defined in relation to the gram, which was originally based on the mass of one cubic centimeter of pure water at 4°C.

Gram

The gram (g) is a unit of mass in the metric system, and it is equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram (0.001 kg). Since the kilogram is the SI base unit of mass defined by the Planck constant (h), the gram is indirectly defined by the same constant. This modern definition ensures the gram's precision and stability as part of the International System of Units (SI).

Origin:

The gram was introduced in 1795 during the French Revolution as part of the metric system's creation. Originally, it was defined as the mass of one cubic centimeter of pure water at its maximum density (approximately 4°C). This practical link to water made it a convenient and universal reference. The gram served as a base unit of mass in early metric systems, but in 1889, the kilogram was adopted as the primary standard, making the gram a derived unit equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram.